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Stanisław Radkiewicz ((:staˈɲiswaf ratˈkʲevit͡ʂ); 19 January 1903 – 13 December 1987) was a Polish communist activist with Soviet citizenship, member of the pre-war Communist Party of Poland and of the post-war Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR). As head of the Polish communist secret police (''Urząd Bezpieczeństwa'' or ''UB'') between 1944 and 1954 he was one of the chief organizers of Stalinist terror in Poland in those years. He also served as a political commissar and was made a Divisional General in Communist Poland. Unlike some other individuals responsible for the Stalinist terror in the 1940s and 1950s, Radkiewicz was never held responsible for his crimes, although in 1956, after the Poznań protests and his official "self-critique" he was removed from his post as Minister of Public Security and made the Minister of State Agricultural Farms (PGRs). ==Early life== Radkiewicz was born in the village of Rozmierki in the powiat of Kosów Poleski in the Polesie Voivodeship.〔Institute for National Remembrance, "Wystawa „Ludzie UB”" (Exhibition "Men of UB"), ()〕 He was the son of farmer Franciszek and Paulina née Lenczewska. He finished third grade.〔 In 1915, together with his family he was deported by the retreating Tsarist army to Russia. During the Bolshevik Revolution he joined the Komsomol. After the Polish-Soviet War, in 1922, his family moved back to their home village, but Stanisław soon moved to the Soviet Union where he worked in the Polish Bureau of the Communist Party of Byelorussia. In 1925 he was sent clandestinely by Moscow back into Poland to take charge of the youth section of the illegal Polish Communist Party (KPP).〔 Three years later he was arrested for activity against the sovereignty and independence of the Polish Republic and sentenced to four years in prison.〔 After being released he served as a functionary of the KPP. He was arrested again in 1937 and served half a year in prison. In 1938, on the orders of Joseph Stalin, the KPP was disbanded and many of its leaders were executed as part of the Great Purge. Radkiewicz, however, was spared as he enjoyed Stalin's confidence and was in fact put in charge by Stalin of liquidating KPP's party cells in Poland. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Stanisław Radkiewicz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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